What is diabetes mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders in which hyperglycemia occurs (high blood sugar level). due to reduced secretion of insulin, decreased glucose utilization, and increased glucose production. the normal blood sugar level is 100-125mg/dl. However, blood sugar range may vary based on the type of diabetes test. The metabolic disturbances associated with diabetes affect other organs too. Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease, blindness, ulcers, etc.
How common is diabetes?
Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders globally and the no of cases of diabetes keeps rising every year. According to the IDF projects 642 million people will develop diabetes by the end of the year 2040. The no of cases of both type 1 and type 3 diabetes keeps rising. However, the no of cases of type 3 diabetes mellitus is rising more rapidly because of sedentary lifestyle habits. India is in the top 10 countries that have the highest no of diabetes mellitus
Main types of Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 diabetes mellitus: this type of diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s health cells attack insulin leading to complete insulin insufficiency. Type 1 diabetes is also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
Type 2 diabetes mellitus: sedentary lifestyle habits lead to insulin resistance and increased glucose production which aids in the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus people. people who have a family history of type 2 DM are also at risk of developing diabetes mellitus.
Gestational diabetes: it is a condition in which the body produces high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. In gestational diabetes, women cannot produce enough amount of insulin to meet the needs of the body and it can happen at any stage of the pregnancy.
Diabetes insipidus: it is a rare form of diabetes in this the urge to urinate increases. This type of diabetes occurs when the body cannot make enough antidiuretic hormone or the kidneys are unable to use it properly. Without the ADH hormone, the body cannot retain water properly and excrete it in the form of urine.
Diabetes ketoacidosis: In diabetes ketoacidosis body doesn’t have enough insulin due to which the metabolism of fats occurs which leads to the build of ketones and makes the blood acidic. is the life-threatening complication of diabetes
What are the diabetes mellitus symptoms?
- Frequent urge to urinate
- Excessive thirst
- Hunger
- Vision problems
- Lethargy
- Dry skin
- Recurrent infections
- Delay wound healing
Risk factors for diabetes mellitus
Risk factors for type diabetes mellitus are listed below:
- Family history of diabetes mellitus
- Obesity
- Reduce physical activity
- Hypertension or high blood pressure
- High cholesterol level
- PCOD
- Family history or personal history of cardiovascular disease
- Air pollution
- Low birth weight
- Stress
What are the complications of diabetes mellitus?
The complications of the diabetes mellitus are listed below:
- Diabetes ketoacidosisis
- Kidney disease
- Blindness
- Cardiovascular disease
- Amputation of the limbs
Book your Diabetes test at home today
If prompt intervention for high blood sugar levels is not done then it can aid in the progression of severe complications such as diabetes ketoacidosis, blindness, etc. We all know that prevention is better than the cure so book your diabetes test at home today with best diagnostic center and get a huge discount with 100% accurate results.
